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目的:调查三角叶黄连主产区根围中丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi,AMF)的资源和分布情况。方法:采用碱解离-乳酸甘油酸性品红染色法观察三角叶黄连根系侵染情况,并计算侵染率;采用湿筛-倾注-蔗糖离心法分离提取孢子,利用形态特征及组织化学染色的方法对AMF孢子进行分类鉴定。结果:三角叶黄连能与AMF形成菌根,不同产地采集三角叶黄连菌根侵染率不同,为23.3%～34.4%;从6个产地共分离出了6属30种丛枝菌根真菌,其中无梗囊霉属Acaulospora 17种、球囊霉属Glomus 7种、巨孢囊霉属Gigaspora 2种、内养囊霉属Entrophospora 1种、类球囊霉属Paraglomus 1种和原囊霉属Archaeospora 2种,无梗囊霉属和球囊霉属是三角叶黄连根系土壤中AMF的优势种群;道地产区洪雅的AMF最丰富。结论:三角叶黄连是菌根营养型植物,其产区AMF具有丰富的多样性,是三角叶黄连的扩大生产和无公害丰产栽培中具有重要应用前景的生物资源。
Objective: To investigate the resources and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the rhizosphere of Coptis chinensis main producing area. Methods: The alkali dissociation-lactate glyceric acid fuchsine staining was used to observe the infection of Coptis chinensis rhizome. The infection rate was calculated. The spores were separated by wet sieving-pouring-sucrose centrifugation, and the morphological and histochemical staining Methods AMF spores were identified. Results: Coptis chinensis could form mycorrhizae with AMF. The mycorrhizae infection rate of different species was different from 23.3% to 34.4%. Six species of 30 AMFs were isolated from 6 producing areas, Among them, 17 species of Acaulospora, 7 species of Glomus, 2 species of Gigaspora, 1 species of Entrophospora, 1 species of Paraglomus and 1 species of Archaeospora 2 species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Glomus were the dominant species of AMF in Rhizoma coptidis rootland soil; CONCLUSION: Coptis chinensis is a mycorrhizal nutrient plant. The AMF in its producing area is rich in diversity and is an important biological resource for expanding the production of Coptis chinensis and high yield pollution-free cultivation.