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西方个体化理论主要包括现代主义与后现代主义两种研究取向。无论哪一种研究取向,本质上都要求个体更加积极主动地重新建构个体身份与社会认同。个体化给中国社会治理基础带来了严峻的挑战。这种挑战在于:社会纽带松弛,人际关系疏离;个人与国家之间的连结弱化;整个社会的集体意识缺失。因此,要应对个体化的挑战,就必须从主体基础、制度基础和价值基础三个方面重建中国社会治理的社会基础。一是要增强社会组织的自主性,夯实社会治理的主体基础;二是要坚持依法治理,推进社会治理法治化;三是要加强社会主义核心价值观教育,增强全社会的集体意识。
The western individualization theory mainly includes two kinds of research orientations: modernism and postmodernism. No matter what kind of research orientation, in essence, require individuals to be more proactive to reconstruct the individual identity and social identity. Individualization has posed a severe challenge to the foundations of social governance in China. The challenge lies in the slackening of social ties, the alienation of interpersonal relationships, the weakening of links between individuals and countries and the lack of collective consciousness in the entire society. Therefore, in order to meet the challenges of individualization, we must rebuild the social foundation of China’s social governance from three aspects: the subject foundation, the system foundation and the value foundation. First, it is necessary to enhance the autonomy of social organizations and consolidate the main body of social governance; second, we must adhere to the principle of governing according to law and promote the rule of law by social governance; third, we must strengthen the education of socialist core values and enhance the collective awareness of the whole society.