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金苹果蜗牛(Pomacea canaliculata)是1980年有目的地引进到亚洲的,当时指望它能成为当地的高蛋白食物源,并把它作为向高收入国家出口的商品。随后,金苹果蜗牛通过广泛的灌溉网络扩散开来,并贪婪地吞食水稻秧苗,侵害了亚洲水稻系统。本文对金苹果蜗牛侵害亚洲的经济情况作了分析,把菲律宾作为研究案例来定量分析与产量减少、再种植和控制蜗牛有关的直接农业代价。分析表明,1990年金苹果蜗牛对菲律宾水稻农业侵害的累计损失(现行价)在4.25亿～12亿美元之间,这个数据尚不包括对人类健康和生态系统造成的非市场性破坏。假如把这一笔钱投资于对非本地物种开展行之有效的检疫和检查的话,将来就能避免类似的外来农业虫害问题。
The Pomacea canaliculata was purposely introduced to Asia in 1980 when it was expected to become a source of high-protein food locally and to be used as a commodity for export to high-income countries. Subsequently, Golden Apple snails spread through extensive irrigation networks and swallowed rice seedlings greedily, infringing the Asian rice system. This article analyzes the economic consequences of the Golden Apple snail infestation in Asia and uses the Philippines as a case study to quantitatively analyze the direct agricultural costs associated with reduced production, replanting and control of snails. The analysis shows that in 1990 the cumulative loss (current price) of gold apple snails to rice agriculture in the Philippines was between 425 million to 1.2 billion U.S. dollars. This figure does not include the non-market damage to human health and ecosystems. If this sum of money is invested in the effective quarantine and inspection of non-native species, similar problems of exotic pests of agriculture will be avoided in the future.