二十世纪初期,西方发达国家为适应电气化生产对劳动者职业技术技能的需求,兴办职业学校,实施免费的和义务的职业教育。到了二十世纪中叶,以电子计算机为标志的第三次工业技术革命的时代已来临,各种新技术的广泛应用,引起了生产和劳动性质及整个社会生活的革命性变化,劳动者对掌 In the early twentieth century, western developed countries set up vocational schools and implemented free and compulsory vocational education in order to meet the demands of workers for their technical skills through electrification. By the middle of the twentieth century, the era of the third industrial technology revolution marked by the electronic computer has come. The wide application of various new technologies has led to the revolutionary changes in the nature of production and labor as well as in the entire social life. Workers’