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采用原位一步法合成铜铝类水滑石(CuAl-LDHs),通过控制铝酸钠/聚磷酸铵(NaAlO2/APP)的质量比(0.82~3.28)合成CuAl-LDHs-APP。采用XRD、FTIR、SEM和TG对所制备的CuAl-LDHs及CuAl-LDHs-APP进行表征。采用极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL-94)测试、弯曲及拉伸试验等考察了CuAl-LDHs/聚丙烯(PP)及CuAl-LDHs-APP/PP复合材料的阻燃性能及力学性能。SEM观察表明:LDHs结构为片状,随着NaAlO2与APP质量比的减小,CuAl-LDHs-APP颗粒粒径相应减小,当NaAlO2与APP的质量比为0.82时,CuAl-LDHsAPP颗粒粒径达到20nm左右,比表面积为183.5m2/g。TG分析表明:CuAl-LDHs-APP在高温下有较好的热稳定性。当PP中加入质量分数为20%的CuAl-LDHs及CuAl-LDHs-APP时,LDHs/PP复合材料表面形成炭层;当NaAlO2与APP质量比不大于1.64时,CuAl-LDHs-APP的添加可抑制PP燃烧时产生的熔滴现象;与CuAl-LDHs/PP复合材料相比,CuAl-LDHs-APP/PP复合材料具有更好的阻燃性能和力学性能;与PP材料相比,CuAl-LDHs-APP/PP复合材料的弯曲强度和拉伸强度等力学性能的下降也不明显。
CuAl-LDHs were synthesized by in-situ one-step synthesis and CuAl-LDHs-APP was synthesized by controlling the mass ratio of sodium aluminate / ammonium polyphosphate (0.82-3.28). The prepared CuAl-LDHs and CuAl-LDHs-APP were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM and TG. The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of CuAl-LDHs / PP and CuAl-LDHs-APP / PP composites were investigated by means of LOI, UL-94, bending and tensile tests. performance. SEM observation showed that the structure of LDHs was flaky. With the decrease of mass ratio of NaAlO2 to APP, the particle size of CuAl-LDHs-APP decreased. When the mass ratio of NaAlO2 to APP was 0.82, the particle size of CuAl-LDHsAPP Reaching about 20nm, the specific surface area of 183.5m2 / g. TG analysis showed that: CuAl-LDHs-APP has good thermal stability at high temperature. When the mass fraction of CuAl-LDHs and CuAl-LDHs-APP was 20%, the carbon layers were formed on the surface of LDHs / PP composites. When the mass ratio of NaAlO2 to APP was less than 1.64, the addition of CuAl-LDHs-APP Compared with CuAl-LDHs / PP composites, CuAl-LDHs-APP / PP composites have better flame retardancy and mechanical properties. Compared with PP materials, CuAl-LDHs The mechanical properties such as flexural strength and tensile strength of -APP / PP composites decrease not obviously.