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目的:了解普通人群健康体检时尿检异常(蛋白尿、血尿、白细胞尿)和肾功能减退的检出率,探讨其临床意义。方法:筛查2008-08-12复旦大学附属中山医院健康体检人群的尿液和肾功能检查资料。肾功能减退标准为血清肌酐mg/dl(μmol/L):(1)KEEP标准男性>1.5(133),女性>1.3(115);(2)NHANES Ⅲ标准男性>1.4(124),女性>1.2(106),老年(≥65岁)男性≥1.3(115),女性≥1.0(88.4)。结果:共20 665例,其中男性13 320例(64.46%),女性7 345例(35.54%)。尿检异常检出率5.27%,其中男性3.64%,女性8.22%(P<0.01);蛋白尿2.68%,男性2.72%,女性2.60%,P<0.01;血尿2.41%,男性1.47%,女性4.11%,P<0.01;白细胞尿1.71%,男性0.46%,女性4.00%,P<0.01。按照KEEP和NHANES Ⅲ标准,肾功能减退检出率分别为0.26%和0.76%,男性和女性分别为0.20%和0.38%(P<0.05),0.35%和0.98%(P<0.01)。尿检异常人群肾功能减退的检出率显著高于尿检正常人群(KEEP标准1.3%和0.2%,P<0.01;NHANES Ⅲ标准2.0%和0.5%,P<0.01);肾功能减退人群尿检异常的检出率显著高于肾功能正常人群(KEEP标准25.9%和5.2%,P<0.01;NHANES Ⅲ标准18.6%和5.2%,P<0.01)。结论:普通人群尿检异常和肾功能减退检出率较高。在健康体检中应重视尿液和肾功能检查,以提高肾脏病的检出率。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of urinalysis (proteinuria, hematuria, leucocyturia) and renal dysfunction in the general population during physical examination, and to explore its clinical significance. Methods: Screening 2008-8-12 Urine and renal function test data of health examination population of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University. The standard of renal dysfunction was mg / dl (μmol / L) of serum creatinine: (1) The male of KEEP standard was> 1.5 (133) and the female was 1.3 (115) 1.2 (106), older (≥65 years) males ≥1.3 (115), females ≥1.0 (88.4). Results: A total of 20 665 cases were observed, including 13 320 males (64.46%) and 7 345 females (35.54%). Urine test showed a positive rate of 5.27%, which was 3.64% for males and 8.22% for females; 2.68% for proteinuria, 2.72% for males and 2.60% for females, P <0.01; 2.41% for hematuria, 1.47% for males and 4.11% , P <0.01; leucocytosis 1.71%, male 0.46%, female 4.00%, P <0.01. According to the criteria of KEEP and NHANES Ⅲ, the detection rates of renal dysfunction were 0.26% and 0.76% respectively, while those of males and females were 0.20% and 0.38% (P <0.05), 0.35% and 0.98% respectively (P <0.01). The detection rate of renal dysfunction in patients with abnormal urinalysis was significantly higher than that of normal urinalysis (KEEP 1.3% and 0.2%, P <0.01; NHANES Ⅲ 2.0% and 0.5%, P <0.01); abnormal urinalysis in people with renal dysfunction The detection rate was significantly higher in patients with normal renal function (KEEP criteria 25.9% and 5.2%, P <0.01; NHANES III criteria 18.6% and 5.2%, P <0.01). Conclusion: The urinary tract abnormalities and renal dysfunction in the general population are higher. In healthy physical examination should pay attention to urine and renal function tests to improve the detection rate of kidney disease.