为什么华北平原地区的林业改革和发展快于森林资源丰富地区?“资源的诅咒”这个发展经济学的经典假说,在市场转轨国家是否存在不同的作用机理?本文以一组不同森林资源丰裕度村1986～2004年的面板数据为样本,检验了森林资源丰裕度对我国农村林业改革与发展的影响。统计观察和计量分析结果都显示,“资源的诅咒”在我国不同地区的农村林业发展中成立,森林资源丰富的林业村和山区村林权改革和林业发展都显著落后于少林的平原村,丰富的森林资源通过“转轨成本”抑制了重点林区的林业改革,延缓了林业发展。研究还发现,林权改革有利于推动我国农村地区的林业发展。研究的政策意义在于:指出森林资源禀赋在市场转轨国家的林业发展中构成改革的变量,农村林业改革应设计多样化的改革方案,提高改革绩效,农村林业发展的重点应当转向山区。 Why the reform and development of forestry in the North China Plain is faster than that of forest rich areas? Is there a different mechanism of the curse of resources in the classical hypothesis of development economics in the market transition countries? In this paper, a group of different forest resource abundance villages Panel data from 1986 to 2004 were used as samples to test the impact of forest resource abundance on the reform and development of rural forestry in China. Both statistical observation and econometric analysis show that “curse of resources” was established in the development of rural forestry in different regions of China. The forestry reform and forestry development in the forest-rich forestry and mountainous villages lag significantly behind the plain villages in Shaolin. Of the forest resources through the “transition costs” inhibit the forestry reform in key forest areas, slowing the development of forestry. The study also found that forest tenure reform is conducive to promoting the development of forestry in rural areas of our country. The policy significance of the study lies in pointing out that the forest resource endowments constitute the variables of the reform in the forestry development in countries with market transition, the rural forestry reform should design diversified reform programs and improve the reform performance, the focus of rural forestry development should turn to the mountainous areas.