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针对半波长同轴窗与同轴陶瓷行波窗存在的带宽窄、功率容量低的局限,本文提出了一种宽带大功率同轴窗结构,并给出了其设计原理。利用HFSS与CST Microwave Studio优化设计了L波段宽带大功率同轴窗,并与半波长同轴窗与陶瓷行波同轴窗进行了性能对比分析。模拟结果表明,宽带大功率同轴窗相比半波长同轴窗与陶瓷行波同轴窗具有更宽的带宽与更高的功率容量。优化设计的L波段宽带大功率同轴窗,其-30 dB带宽约为行波同轴窗的2.5倍,窗片区域的电场与行波同轴窗相当,为半波长同轴窗的一半以下。匹配膜片附近的电场幅度降低至行波同轴窗的75%。CST仿真显示,膜片与间隙的尺寸与位置对宽带大功率同轴窗的带宽影响明显,而对电场分布的影响较弱,因而可以通过调整膜片与间隙获得宽带宽与高功率容量。同时,电场强度轴向分布随频率变化不大。宽带大功率同轴窗在整个宽频带内具有高功率容量。
Due to the limitation of narrow bandwidth and low power capacity of half-wave coaxial windows and coaxial ceramic wave-front windows, a broadband high-power coaxial window structure is proposed and its design principle is given. L-band broadband high-power coaxial windows are designed and optimized by using HFSS and CST Microwave Studio. The performance comparison is also made with the half-wavelength coaxial windows and ceramic traveling-wave coaxial windows. The simulation results show that the broadband high-power coaxial window has wider bandwidth and higher power capacity than the half-wavelength coaxial window and the ceramic traveling wave coaxial window. Optimized design of L-band broadband high-power coaxial window, the -30 dB bandwidth of about 2.5 times the traveling-wave coaxial window, the electric field of the window area and traveling wave coaxial window is equivalent to less than half the half-wavelength coaxial window . The electric field near the matching diaphragm is reduced to 75% of the traveling wave coaxial window. CST simulation shows that the size and position of the diaphragm and the gap significantly affect the bandwidth of the broadband high-power coaxial window, but have a weak influence on the electric field distribution. Therefore, the wide bandwidth and high power capacity can be obtained by adjusting the diaphragm and the gap. At the same time, the axial distribution of electric field does not change much with the frequency. Broadband high-power coaxial windows have high power capacity over the entire broadband.