在十九世纪的自然科学中三种具有决定重要性的发现,其中之一就是达尔文学说。这学说满意地解答和证实了自然界中形形色色动植物有机体,乃是有机界长期历史发展的产物;从而建立了生物学科学的唯物论的基础,摧毁了目的论的、宗教的与形而上学的自然观,实现了生物科学中的革命。马克思主义经典学者们对於达尔文的伟大功绩予以很高的评价,同时也指出达尔文学说中局限性及其所犯的错误,因而指示了达尔文学说发展的正确道路。达尔文在探讨动植物进化发展的动力和根源时,曾 One of the three discoveries of decisive importance in nineteenth-century natural sciences is Darwinian theory. This doctrine satisfactorily answers and confirms that all kinds of flora and fauna in nature are the product of the long history of the organic community and thus establishes the foundations of the biological sciences materialism and destroys teleology, religious and metaphysical views of nature , Achieved the revolution in the biological sciences. The classic Marxist scholars highly appraise Darwin’s great achievements, and at the same time, points out the limitations and the mistakes made in Darwin’s doctrine, thus indicating the correct way for the development of Darwin’s theory. Darwin explored the dynamics and causes of the evolution of animals and plants