去除金属表面上的有机物及其它外来物的技术。有机物主要来自机械制品加工过程中所接触到的润滑剂,切削液或暂时性防锈剂等;外来物则泛指磨屑、残盐、金属鳞片以及汗渍等等。这种清理是实现一切有效保护措施的共同基础。宏观上的“一般清洁”、“无脂”或“化学清洁”的表面,在不少情况下就可接着进行保护措施了,如化学转化处理,表面合金化处理,防蚀处理等等。但从微观上检查,经过清理的表面,仍有极微量的油脂膜层和极薄的自然氧化膜、碳化物膜或硅酸盐膜等等,其 Technology to remove organic matter and other foreign objects from metal surfaces. Organics mainly come from the mechanical products in the process of contact with the lubricant, cutting fluid or temporary rust inhibitors; foreign objects are generally refers to wear debris, residual salt, metal scales and perspiration and so on. This cleanup is a common ground for all effective protection measures. Macroscopically “general clean”, “fat free” or “chemically clean” surfaces can in many cases be followed by protective measures such as chemical conversion treatment, surface alloying treatment, anti-corrosion treatment and the like. But from the microscopic examination, after cleaning the surface, there is still a trace amount of grease film and very thin natural oxide film, carbide film or silicate film, etc., which