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通过建立一个完全竞争市场结构条件下的两个国家、两种要素、两种产品的动态模型来分析不完全专业化分工情况下储蓄率与要素禀赋、长期贸易模式的关系。在这样一个由两个国家所组成的世界经济中,无论两国初始时刻的要素禀赋状况如何,在封闭和开放条件下,储蓄率高的国家都比储蓄率低的国家具有更高的资本—劳动之比,且在开放条件下的均衡增长路径上,储蓄率较高的国家出口资本密集型产品,进口劳动密集型产品,储蓄率较低的国家则相反。因而储蓄率在长期内决定着要素禀赋和贸易模式。这意味着高储蓄率有利于我国的产业结构和贸易商品结构从以劳动密集型为主向以资本密集型为主转变。
By establishing a dynamic model of two countries, two elements and two kinds of products under the condition of perfectly competitive market structure, this paper analyzes the relationship between saving rate, factor endowment and long-term trade pattern under incomplete specialization. In such a world economy composed of two countries, irrespective of the factor endowments of the initial moments of the two countries, countries with high savings rates have higher capital under closed and open conditions than those with low savings rates - Labor ratio, and in the path of balanced growth under open conditions, the countries with higher savings rates exported capital-intensive products, imported labor-intensive products, and the countries with lower savings rates on the contrary. As a result, savings rates determine factor endowments and trade patterns in the long run. This means that the high savings rate is conducive to China’s industrial structure and structure of trade goods from labor-intensive to capital-intensive change.