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针对乌鲁木齐市苹果异常开花现象,对异常(11月)和正常(4月)开花时不同苹果亚种的枝、叶和花的功能性状观测采集,分析正异常开花时植物功能性状的差别,同时结合异常和正常开花时的环境因子数据,探索异常性状与环境因子间的关系。结果表明:1)红白花苹果亚种的花瓣长度、叶柄长度和小枝叶数量均存在显著差异(P<0.05),而小枝叶面积、小枝直径均无显著性差异(P>0.05);2)正常与异常开花时比较,叶柄长度、叶柄直径、雄蕊长度、花瓣长度、单叶面积、小枝单位横截面积上的叶面积、比叶面积、小枝上叶片数量在同亚种苹果间的性状存在差异(P<0.05);3)苹果正异常功能性状与土壤含水率、气温和土壤氮含量存在显著相关(P<0.05),说明土壤含水率、气温和土壤含氮量是造成苹果异常开花现象和其异常性状的最主要因素。
According to the phenomenon of abnormal flowering of apple in Urumqi, the functional traits of branches, leaves and flowers of different apple subspecies in abnormal (November) and normal (April) flowering were collected and analyzed, and the difference of plant functional traits in positive anomaly flowering Combining the data of environmental factors at abnormal and normal flowering, the relationship between abnormal traits and environmental factors was explored. The results showed that there were significant differences (P <0.05) in flower petal length, pedicel length and number of branchlets between apple and red apple (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in branchlet area and branchlet diameter (P> 0.05) In normal and abnormal flowering, leaf area, specific leaf area and the number of leaflets on the branchlets of the same subspecies apple existed in petiole length, petiole diameter, stamen length, petal length, leaf area, branchlet unit cross-sectional area (P <0.05) .3) Positive correlations between apple positive function and soil moisture content, air temperature and soil nitrogen content were significant (P <0.05), indicating that soil water content, air temperature and soil nitrogen content were the cause of abnormal flowering of apple And its abnormal traits the most important factor.