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目的探讨米索前列醇用于妊娠晚期促宫颈成熟效果及用药量。方法将200例正常足月孕妇随机分为催产素组(对照组)和米索前列醇组(观察组)各100例。对照组:0.5%催产素静脉滴注,每分钟8滴为起始用量,可逐渐增加,最快滴速不超过40滴,可以增加浓度,最高浓度不超过1:100,直到维持有效宫缩。观察组:将米索前列醇50μg放置于阴道深部,每天最多3次、间隔4 h无效可重复,至出现规律宫缩(连用2 d)。结果①引产有效率观察组明显高于对照组;②米索前列醇用药1 d有效率为91%,用药量为(100.54±25.27)μg;2 d有效率为97%,用药量为(108.76±63.53)μg;③孕妇产后出血及剖宫产率两组无显著差异;④羊水混浊发生率,观察组高于对照组,差异有显著性。新生儿窒息率,两组相同,差异无显著性。结论米索前列醇既能促宫颈成熟,又能短时间内发动规律宫缩,是一种使用方便、安全有效、价格便宜的引产方法,效果明显好于催产素,但需注意严密监护。
Objective To investigate the effects and misoprostol of misoprostol on cervical ripening in late pregnancy. Methods 200 pregnant women with normal term were randomly divided into oxytocin group (control group) and misoprostol group (observation group) with 100 cases each. Control group: 0.5% oxytocin intravenous infusion, 8 drops per minute for the initial amount can be gradually increased, the fastest drip rate does not exceed 40 drops, can increase the concentration, the maximum concentration of not more than 1: 100, until the effective contractions to maintain . Observation group: The misoprostol 50μg placed deep in the vagina, up to 3 times a day, 4 h intervals can be repeated invalid, until the occurrence of regular contractions (used for 2 d). Results ① The effective rate of induced labor was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group. ② The effective rate of misoprostol was 91% on 1 d, the dosage was (100.54 ± 25.27) μg, the effective rate was 97% on 2 d, and the dosage was 108.76 ± 63.53) μg; ③Postpartum hemorrhage and cesarean section rate in pregnant women was no significant difference between the two groups; ④ The incidence of amniotic fluid turbidity, the observation group was higher than the control group, the difference was significant. Neonatal asphyxia rate, the same two groups, the difference was not significant. Conclusion Misoprostol can promote cervical ripening, but also can start regular contractions in a short time. It is a convenient, safe, effective and cheap induction method. The effect is obviously better than that of oxytocin, but it needs careful monitoring.