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目的:估计1993年-2008年15年间我国农村地区不同性别、不同年龄人群吸烟的流行趋势、吸烟量;描述农村居民吸烟的影响因素。方法:利用1993年、1998年、2003年和2008年4次国家卫生服务调查的数据,应用描述性、年龄标准化法和Log istic回归等方法揭示不同年龄、不同性别的流行趋势、开始吸烟的年龄及吸烟的影响因素。结果:从1993年到2008年,农村地区15岁及以上成年人的现在吸烟率下降,但下降幅度小于城市。现在吸烟者中重度吸烟者(每天吸烟量不少于20支)的比例明显上升。开始吸烟的年龄逐渐提前。农村家庭被动吸烟情况严重。农村男性居民吸烟的主要影响因素包括:年龄、教育水平、健康状况、职业状况、婚姻状况、是否饮酒和家里其他成员的吸烟状况。结论:农村地区吸烟的流行趋势有所下降但仍然很严重、在农村地区有针对性地开展控烟工作尤为急迫和重要。
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of smoking and smoking among different sexes of different age groups in rural areas in China during the 15 years from 1993 to 2008, and to describe the influencing factors of smoking among rural residents. Methods: Based on the data from four national health service surveys conducted in 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008, the epidemiological trends of different ages and genders were revealed by descriptiveness, age-standardized method and log istic regression. And the factors of smoking. Results: From 1993 to 2008, the prevalence of smoking in adults aged 15 years and over in rural areas declined but less significantly than in urban areas. The proportion of smokers with moderate or severe smokers (no less than 20 cigarettes per day) is now significantly increased. The age at which smoking begins is gradually advanced. Passive smoking in rural areas is a serious problem. The main influencing factors of rural male smoking include: age, educational level, health status, occupation status, marital status, alcohol consumption and smoking status of other members of the family. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of smoking in rural areas has been declining but still grave. Targeted tobacco control efforts in rural areas are particularly urgent and important.