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一、“十一·五”计划制定的背景 (一)苏联经济增长率不断下降苏联经济在“五·五”计划期间达到了高峰,创造了国民收入以及工业总产值每年平均增长10％以上的记录。但从这时开始,二十多年来,其国民经济主要指标的增长率呈现出明显的下降趋势。“八·五”计划期间,其国民收入勉强稍有回升,但旋即下降。从“九·五”计划起,下降趋势更加明显。苏联当局从“九·五”计划起,就开始压低计划指标,以期超额完成,但“九·五”、“十·五”计划期间,连这种已经压低了的指标,也都未能完成。
I. BACKGROUND OF THE 11TH FIVE-YEAR PLAN (I) Deteriorating Economic Growth Rate of the Soviet Union The Soviet economy peaked during the “5 · 5” Plan and created a national income and average annual industrial output growth of more than 10% recording. However, from this moment onwards, the growth rate of the major indicators of the national economy has shown a clear downward trend in more than two decades. During the “8.5” plan period, its national income rebounded barely but dropped immediately. Since the “September 5” plan, the downward trend has become more pronounced. From the “95” plan, the Soviet authorities began to lower the planned targets in the hope of over-fulfilling the targets. However, even the already depressed targets during the “Ninth Five-Year Plan” and the “10th Five-Year Plan” failed to be completed .