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通过EMS诱变籼型重穗恢复系蜀恢498,获得一个直立穗突变体R1338。与野生型相比,突变体表现为植株变矮、穗直立、穗长变短、一次枝梗变短、着粒密度增加、穗部抗弯曲力极显著增强、籽粒增宽增厚、粒长变短。组织细胞学分析发现,穗颈节直径、纤维素含量和木质素含量在穗部抗弯曲上发挥了重要的作用。遗传分析表明该直立穗表型受一对半显性核基因DEP2控制,通过重测序以及Mut Map方法定位发现,在R1338突变体中,DEP2第7外显子有一个A到G的碱基置换,导致第928个精氨酸(AGG)被置换成甘氨酸(GGG),推测R1338直立穗性状可能由DEP2中该SNP导致。用R1338、野生型与不同穗型不育系分别配组,R1338与弯曲穗不育系所配组合穗部表现半直立,且保持较高的结实率和杂种优势,与DEP1直立穗不育系配组表现为基因累加效应的直立穗。本研究还讨论了直立穗突变体R1338在杂交水稻育种中的利用价值。
The indica-type heavy ear restorer line Shuhui 498 was induced by EMS to obtain an erect panicle mutant R1338. Compared with the wild type, the mutants showed short plants, erect panicles, shorter spike length, shorter primary branches, increased grain density, significantly increased bending resistance of spikes, thicker kernels and longer kernels Shorter. Histological analysis showed that the diameter, cellulose content and lignin content of panicles played an important role in the anti-bending of panicles. Genetic analysis showed that the erect panicle phenotype was controlled by a pair of semi-dominant nuclear genes, DEP2. Mutations and mutagenesis of the Mut Map revealed that there was an A to G base substitution in exon 7 of DEP2 in the R1338 mutant , Resulting in the replacement of the 928th arginine (AGG) with glycine (GGG), suggesting that R1338 erect panicle traits may be caused by this SNP in DEP2. R1338, wild-type and different panicle-type CMS lines were used in combination. The panicles of R1338 and bent spike CMS lines were semi-erect, maintained high seed setting rate and heterosis, Group with the cumulative effects of gene expression erect panicle. This study also discussed the use value of erect panicle mutant R1338 in hybrid rice breeding.