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[目的]了解新泰市狂犬病发病率上升的原因,探讨狂犬病流行病学特征。[方法]对新泰市2006～2012年狂犬病发病情况进行流行病学分析。[结果]新泰市2006～2012年共报告狂犬病24例,报告平均发病率为0.25/10万,死亡24例,病死率100.00%;不同年份间发病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。狂犬病发病城区与农村无地区差异;一年四季均有发病,无明显的季节性高峰;以41～60岁年龄组发病最多,占7.08%;男女发病率分别为0.28/10万、0.20/10万,男女之比为1.67∶1,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);致伤动物以犬为主占95.83%;24例病人均为Ⅲ度暴露,规范处理率为12.5%,24例病人均未注射狂犬病人免疫球蛋白,狂犬病疫苗接种率为25.00%,其中全程接种的1例;7年人群平均暴露率为0.33%,呈逐年增加趋势。[结论]狂犬病暴露率增多,群众的狂犬病防治知识缺乏,暴露后未进行规范的伤口处理、未及时注射狂犬病人免疫球蛋白与狂犬病疫苗,是导致狂犬病发病上升的主要原因。
[Objective] To understand the reason of the rising incidence of rabies in Xintai and to explore the epidemiological characteristics of rabies. [Method] The epidemiology of rabies in Xintai from 2006 to 2012 was analyzed. [Results] A total of 24 cases of rabies were reported in Xintai from 2006 to 2012, with an average incidence rate of 0.25 / 100,000 and 24 deaths, with a mortality rate of 100.00%. The incidence of disease in different years was significantly different (P <0.01 ). There was no regional difference in the incidence of rabies in urban area and rural areas; all the diseases occurred in all the year of the year with no obvious seasonal peak; the incidence was highest in 41-60 age group, accounting for 7.08%; the incidence of male and female was 0.28 / 100,000, 0.20 / 10 The ratio of male to female was 1.67: 1, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The predominant animals were dogs, accounting for 95.83%. All the 24 patients were Ⅲ degree exposure, the standard treatment rate was 12.5% and 24 The patients were not injected rabies immunoglobulin, rabies vaccination rate was 25.00%, of which 1 case of full vaccination; 7-year population average exposure rate was 0.33%, showing an increasing trend year by year. [Conclusion] The increase of rabies exposure rate, the lack of prevention and treatment of rabies in the general public, the lack of standardized wound treatment after exposure, the lack of timely injection of rabies immunoglobulin and rabies vaccine are the main reasons leading to the rise of rabies.