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目的：建立银染－ＴＲＡＰ法检测胸水脱落细胞端粒酶活性，探讨银染－ＴＲＡＰ法用于胸水，脱落细胞中端粒酶活性研究的可行性。方法：应用银染－ＴＲＡＰ法检测３０例癌性胸水脱落细胞和３０例结核性胸膜炎胸水脱落细胞端粒酶活性的表达。结果：癌性胸水脱落细胞端粒酶活性为１００％（３０／３０）表达，对照组胸水脱落细胞端粒酶活性为阴性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：癌性胸水脱落细胞中存在端粒酶活性；端粒酶活性与癌性胸水的形成原因有关；银染－ＴＲＡＰ法是一种敏感、可靠且简便、快速和经济的方法，适用于临床实验室进行大规模的样本筛选。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a silver staining-TRAP assay for the detection of telomerase activity in exfoliative cells in the pleural effusion, and to investigate the feasibility of silver staining-TRAP for telomerase activity in pleural and exfoliated cells. METHODS: The expression of telomerase activity in 30 cases of cancerous pleural effusion exfoliative cells and 30 cases of tuberculous pleural pleural effusion exfoliated cells was detected by silver staining-TRAP assay. Results: The telomerase activity of exfoliated cells in malignant pleural effusion was 100% (30/30). The telomerase activity in pleural effusion exfoliated cells in the control group was negative (P<0.01). Conclusion: Telomerase activity exists in cancerous pleural effusion exfoliative cells; telomerase activity is related to the formation of cancerous pleural effusion; silver staining-TRAP method is a sensitive, reliable and simple, rapid and economical method, suitable for clinical The laboratory conducts large-scale sample screening.