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目的：研究基质金属蛋白酶26（MMP‐26）和基质金属蛋白酶4抑制剂（TIMP‐4）在退变髓核组织中的表达及与椎间盘退变（IDD ）的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学和RT‐PCR法分别检测腰椎间盘突出症患者（A组，30例）以及胸腰段骨折患者（B组，10例）髓核组织中M M P‐26和TIMP‐4的表达，分析MMP‐26和TIMP‐4表达与IDD的相关性。结果 A组MMP‐26和 TIMP‐4的表达强度高于 B 组（P＜0．01）。 MMP‐26、TIMP‐4的表达强度均与 IDD 等级呈正相关（P＜0．01），A组MMP‐26与TIMP‐4的表达强度呈正相关（P＜0．01）。A组 MMP‐26和 TIMP‐4 mRNA表达以及MMP‐26／TIMP‐4 mRNA比值均高于B组（P＜0．01）。结论 MMP‐26和TIMP‐4表达强度与IDD等级呈正相关性。M M P‐26／T IM P‐4比值增大可能是导致IDD的原因之一。“,”Objective To investigate the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase‐26(MMP‐26) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐4(TIMP‐4) in the tissues of degenerative nucleus pulposus and their relationship with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) .Methods The expressions of MMP‐26 and TIMP‐4 in the tissues of nucleus pulposus were detected by immunohistochemistry and RT‐PCR in 30 cases with lumbar disc herniation (group A ) and 10 cases with thoracolumbar fracture , respectively .The correlation between MMP‐26 ,TIMP‐4 and IDD was analyzed .Results Compared with group B ,the expression intensities of MMP‐26 and TIMP‐4 were increased in group A (P<0 .01) .There was a positive correlation between IDD grade and expression intensities of MMP‐26 and TIMP‐4(P<0 .01) .Moreover ,the expression intensity of MMP‐26 was positively correlated with that of TIMP‐4(P<0 .01) .The mRNA expressions of MMP‐26 and TIMP‐4 and the ratio of MMP‐26 to TIMP‐4 in group A were all higher than those in group B(P<0 .01) .Conclusion MMP‐26 and TIMP‐4 expressions are positively correlated with IDD grade .The increased ratio of MMP‐26 to T IM P‐4 may result in IDD .