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目的研究2013—2015年绵阳市手足口病(HFMD)的流行情况及重症病例病原学特点,为HFMD重点防控提供依据。方法对2013—2015年绵阳市HFMD疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2013—2015年,绵阳市累计报告HFMD11 825例,发病率为74.4/10万,其中重症480例,死亡5例,2013—2014年总发病率及重症病例的发病率明显增加,2015年重症病例明显下降。男性重症HFMD的比例明显高于女性(χ2=16.29,P<0.05),发病年龄主要集中在1~3岁年龄组(68.75%)。HFMD重症病例的发病高峰集中在4—6月,11—12月。重症病例病原以肠道病毒71型(EV 71)为主,占79.58%。结论绵阳市HFMD尤其是重症病例的发病率明显下降,但仍呈周期性变化,需重点加强托幼机构及基层医院宣教、监测管理。
Objective To study the prevalence of HFMD and the etiological characteristics of severe cases in Mianyang City from 2013 to 2015 so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of epidemic data of HFMD in Mianyang from 2013 to 2015 was conducted. Results In 2013-2015, a total of 825 HFMD11 cases were reported in Mianyang City, with a prevalence of 74.4 / 100 000, of which 480 cases were severe and 5 died. The overall incidence and the incidence of severe cases increased significantly in 2013-2015. Case decreased significantly. The proportion of severe HFMD in men was significantly higher than that in women (χ2 = 16.29, P <0.05). The age of onset was mainly in the age group of 1 to 3 years (68.75%). The incidence of severe cases of HFMD concentrated in April-June, 11-12 months. Severe cases of pathogenic enterovirus 71 (EV 71), accounting for 79.58%. Conclusions The incidence of HFMD in Mianyang City, especially severe cases, has obviously decreased, but it still shows periodic changes. Emphasis should be placed on strengthening the education and monitoring management of nurseries and primary hospitals.