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氯胺酮在麻醉方面的作用与机制已经被广泛研究和报道。近年研究发现，氯胺酮与炎症反应密切相关，可作为炎症反应和应激诱导免疫紊乱的一种调节剂，在炎症相关疾病的发生、发展中具有正负调节作用。文章主要针对氯胺酮在脓毒症及炎症性疾病中的抗炎、促炎作用及机制进行综述，为氯胺酮的临床转化应用提供新的靶点、方法和策略。“,”The role and mechanism of ketamine in anesthesia have been widely studied and reported. Recent studies have found that ketamine is closely associated with inflammation, which can be used as a regulator of inflammatory response and stress-induced immune disorder and takes a positive or negative regulatory role in the pathogenesis of inflammation-related diseases. The current review focuses on the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of ketamine in sepsis and inflammatory diseases, so as to provide new targets, methods and strategies for the use of ketamine in medical practice.