目的了解农村育龄妇女预防乙肝母婴传播知识知晓情况。方法采用自设问卷调查了江苏6个农村县1 907名育龄妇女,分析方法主要用χ2检验、多因素Logistic回归分析。结果农村育龄妇女预防乙肝母婴传播知识知晓率为52%,项目县和非项目县的知晓率分别为57.2%和46.6%,苏南、苏中和苏北的知晓率分别为63.2%、51.4%和41.9%。从医务人员获取该知识者占比最大为81.1%。随年龄增大和受教育程度提高,知晓率均随之增加,趋势卡方检验(χ2=5.661,P<0.05;χ2=83.606,P<0.001)。结论项目实施明显提高了育龄妇女知晓率,经济社会发展水平、年龄、受教育程度、职业、生育史是影响知晓率的因素。 Objective To understand the awareness of rural women of childbearing age in preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B Methods A total of 1 907 women of childbearing age in 6 rural counties in Jiangsu Province were surveyed by self-made questionnaires. The analysis methods were mainly analyzed by χ2 test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results The awareness rate of preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B in rural women of child-bearing age was 52%, 57.2% and 46.6% respectively in project counties and non-project counties, 63.2% in south Jiangsu, 51.4 % And 41.9%. The highest proportion of medical staff obtaining this knowledge was 81.1%. With the increase of age and education level, the awareness rate increased with the trend chi-square test (χ2 = 5.661, P <0.05; χ2 = 83.606, P <0.001). Conclusion The implementation of the project significantly improved the awareness of women of childbearing age, the level of economic and social development, age, education level, occupation, and childbearing history as factors affecting the awareness rate.