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英国人文学者西德尼的《为诗辩护》,是英国文学史上第一部较为系统地阐发诗歌的目的与功用、诗歌的独立性与优越性的研究论文。重读这部作品,我们可以全面地了解到文艺复兴时期的诗学思想。西德尼认为,诗不仅是文学的最初起源,还是早期人类整个文化生活的乳母。诗的地位不仅凭借自身的资格老,更重要的是在人类文化生活中,诗的目的和功用优越于哲学和历史。诗最重要的特性在于其创造性。总的来说,《为诗辩护》对于诗的看法沿袭了西方文艺理论的主流看法,在一些细节问题上有精彩独到的见解。但是西德尼未能突破“寓教于乐”说的藩篱。就总体而言,《为诗辩护》精彩有余,深度不足,这也是文艺复兴时期文艺理论著作的一个特点。
Sidney, the British humanist, defended poetry, was the first research paper in the history of British literature to elucidate the purpose and function of poetry and the independence and superiority of poetry. Reread this work, we can fully understand the Renaissance poetics. Sidney believes that poetry is not only the original source of literature, but also the early mother of the entire cultural life of mankind. The status of poetry is not only based on its own qualifications, but more importantly, its purpose and function are superior to philosophy and history in human cultural life. The most important feature of poetry lies in its creativity. In general, the defense of poems on poetry follows the mainstream view of Western literary theory and has wonderful and unique insights on some details. However, Sidney failed to break the “edutainment” said the fence. On the whole, “defense of poetry” is brilliant and inadequate, which is also a feature of Renaissance literary and art works.