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目的了解珠宝加工企业作业环境中苯污染状况,探讨苯对作业工人健康影响的因素。方法检测深圳市罗湖区珠宝加工企业工作场所空气中苯浓度;设计调查问卷对研究对象进行职业流行病学调查,对研究对象进行健康检查,比较暴露组与对照组临床症状差异;进行血常规检查,分析白细胞降低的影响因素。结果 2007—2012年接触组工作场所中苯浓度合格率由41.7%提高至100%;接触苯工人疲劳、记忆力减退、眼结膜刺激、手指皮肤脱脂等的发生率均高于对照组(P<0.05),接触组工人血常规检查白细胞数与对照组差别有统计学意义(P<0.05),白细胞降低与性别、苯暴露、年龄和接苯工龄呈正相关。结论职业接触苯对珠宝加工工人健康有损伤,苯暴露、性别、年龄及接苯工龄是白细胞降低的危险因素。
Objective To understand the benzene pollution in the operating environment of jewelry processing enterprises and to explore the factors that affect the health of workers in the processing of benzene. Methods To test the benzene concentration in the air of the jewelry processing enterprises in Luohu District, Shenzhen. The questionnaire was designed to conduct a survey of occupational epidemiology, the health check-ups of the subjects were conducted, and the differences of clinical symptoms between the exposed group and the control group were compared. , Analysis of the impact of leukopenia factors. Results The passing rate of benzene concentration in the workplace from 2007 to 2012 increased from 41.7% to 100%. The incidence of fatigue, memory loss, conjunctival irritation and degreasing of finger skin in workers exposed to benzene were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05 ). There was a significant difference between the control group and the control group (P <0.05). The leukopenia was positively correlated with gender, benzene exposure, age and the age of connecting benzene. Conclusions Occupational exposure to benzene is harmful to the health of jewelery workers. Benzene exposure, sex, age and the age of benzene exposure are the risk factors for leukopenia.