尿道下裂的病因与诊疗现状

来源 :天津医科大学学报 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:coni
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尿道下裂是儿童泌尿系外生殖器最常见的先天畸形之一,发病率逐年上升.当前研究认为尿道下裂是一个多因素疾病,与基因突变、内分泌、环境及染色体因素等均有密切关系.尿道下裂患儿的主要临床表现为尿道外口异位、阴茎异常弯曲及其背侧包皮堆积和尿道海绵体发育不全等轻度性别发育异常.严重者常合并隐睾、阴茎阴囊转位、鞘膜积液、重复尿道等其他泌尿生殖系统畸形.尿道下裂不仅会造成患儿排尿以及生殖功能受损,而且对患儿的心理健康发育造成影响,已成为严重的医学和社会问题,部分需要进行内分泌学评估和或染色体核型分析以排除性分化障碍的存在.因此,早期发现并正确选择尿道成形手术方式,对于纠正尿道畸形以及促进功能恢复具有重要价值.
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