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目的分析江门市2009—2011年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况及预防接种安全性。方法通过全国AEFI监测系统,收集江门市2009年1月1日至2011年12月31日报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果全市共报告320例AEFI,2009年报告率2.6/10万剂次,2010年报告率2.7/10万剂次,2011年报告率2.8/10万剂次。男女性别比为1.4∶1(189/131),≤1岁占53.1%(170例),9月份(52例,占16.3%)和11月份(37例,占11.6%)病例数最多。AEFI总报告发生率为6.7/10万剂次,甲流疫苗(38例,报告率35.3/10万剂次)报告发生率最高。一般反应160例,占50.0%;异常反应126例,占39.4%。58.4%发生在接种疫苗1 d内,53.4%发生在接种该种疫苗的第1剂次。40.3%出现发热,30.0%出现局部红肿,13.4%出现局部硬结。结论 2009—2011年江门市AEFI常发生在≤1岁儿童以及接种第1剂次、接种后1 d内。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected AEFI in 2009-2011 in Jiangmen City and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and the vaccination safety. Methods Through the national AEFI monitoring system, the data of AEFI cases reported from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2011 in Jiangmen City were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 320 cases of AEFI were reported in the city in 2009, with a reported rate of 2.6 / 100,000 doses in 2009, a rate of 2.7 / 1.0 million doses in 2010 and a reported rate of 2.8 / 100,000 doses in 2011. The male / female sex ratio was 1.4: 1 (189/131), ≤1 years old accounting for 53.1% (170 cases), September (52 cases, 16.3%) and November (37 cases, 11.6%). AEFI total report rate of 6.7 / 10 000 doses, a flu vaccine (38 cases, the report rate of 35.3 / 100 000 dose) the highest incidence of the report. The general reaction of 160 cases, accounting for 50.0%; 126 cases of abnormal reaction, accounting for 39.4%. 58.4% occurred within 1 d of vaccination and 53.4% occurred on the first dose of the vaccine. 40.3% fever, 30.0% of the local redness, 13.4% of local induration. Conclusion 2009-2011 AEFI in Jiangmen City often occurred in children ≤ 1 year old and the first dose of vaccination, within 1 d after inoculation.