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2008年5月12日汶川8.0级地震在北川县城造成了巨大的破坏,导致上万人死亡,整个北川县城变为废墟。现场地震科考分析显示,造成北川县城建筑物和道路严重损毁以及人员重大伤亡的三个主要原因为:活断层错动产生的地表破裂效应,地震引发的次生地质灾害(崩塌、滑坡)和强地震动产生的振动破坏效应。北川县城主断裂和次级断裂沿线分布的建筑物震害较重,而邻近断裂的建筑物震害相对较轻;地震触发的王家岩滑坡和景家山崩塌对北川县城造成了极大的破坏,导致2000余人死亡;而振动破坏效应在北川县城普遍存在,它产生的水平剪切运动对建筑物的危害很严重。
On May 12, 2008, a Wenchuan M 8.0 earthquake caused tremendous damage in Beichuan County, resulting in the death of tens of thousands of people and the entire Beichuan county town becoming a ruin. According to the analysis of field seismology, the three main causes of serious damage to buildings and roads in Beichuan county and serious casualties are the surface rupture effect caused by the dislocation of active faults, secondary geological disasters (collapse and landslide) caused by earthquakes and Vibration damage caused by strong earthquake. The buildings distributed along the main fault and the secondary fault of Beichuan County have more serious damage, while the buildings with adjacent faults have less damage. The Wangjiayan landslide triggered by the earthquake and the landslide of Jingjishan have caused great damage to Beichuan County. Leading to more than 2000 deaths; while the vandalism effect is widespread in Beichuan County, the horizontal shearing movement it produces will endanger the building seriously.