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对沸腾钢锭的液芯加热问题,国内已进行了多年的试验研究,并已经开始用于实际生产,而对钢锭液芯轧制的研究则刚刚开始。液芯轧制的好处在于:(1)可最大限度地利用钢锭自身所保存的热量;(2)可大大缩短钢锭的传搁时间和在炉时间,因而显著地提高生产率;(3)可减少轧制能耗,节约电能;(4)可为直接送锭(不经过均热炉)和料坯直送轧制(因初轧后坯温甚高,可不经过连续加热炉)创造条件。此外,液芯轧制的经验可供连铸——连轧生产参考。因此,这一研究对冶金生产工艺改革和节能都有着重要的意义。 实现液芯加热和液芯轧制的关键问题是正确地预示钢锭在冷凝、加热、轧制过程中的热状态,即钢锭的凝固场和温度场随时间的变化,特别是预示在关键时刻,即脱模、装炉、出炉、开轧、终轧时钢锭(坯)的凝固率(液芯率)和表面及中心温度。 为此,本文研究了钢锭冷凝、加热和轧制过程的数学模型,用此模型预示了钢锭或板坯在上述过程中的热状态,为液芯加热和液芯轧制提供了定量的依据,并依此得出一些实际的结论和简化的计算公式。这一模型已作为鞍钢二初轧厂制定液芯沸腾钢锭传搁制度及加热制度的基础。
The boiling of ingot liquid core heating problem, the country has conducted many years of experimental research, and has begun to be used for actual production, and the research of ingot liquid core rolling has just begun. The advantages of liquid core rolling are: (1) maximizing the use of the heat stored in the steel ingot itself; (2) significantly reducing the pass-in time and furnace time of the steel ingot thereby significantly increasing the productivity; (3) Rolling energy consumption, saving energy; (4) for direct ingot (not through the soaking furnace) and direct billet rolling (due to a very high billet temperature after the start, without going through a continuous heating furnace) to create conditions. In addition, the experience of the liquid core can be used for continuous casting and continuous rolling production reference. Therefore, this research is of great significance to the reform of metallurgical production process and energy conservation. The key problem of liquid core heating and liquid core rolling is to correctly predict the thermal state of the steel ingot during the process of condensation, heating and rolling, that is, the solidification field and the temperature field of the steel ingot change with time, especially the key moment, That the demolding, loading furnace, baked, open rolling, rolling the ingot (billet) solidification rate (liquid rate) and the surface and the center temperature. Therefore, this paper studies the mathematical model of steel ingot condensation, heating and rolling process, predicts the thermal state of ingot or slab during the above process, and provides a quantitative basis for liquid core heating and liquid core rolling. Based on this, some practical conclusions and simplified formulas are obtained. This model has been used as the foundation of Ansai Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. to develop a liquid steel ingot transfer system and heating system.