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契约,是民间围绕各种社会关系出现的一种自行约束和规定。在社会生活中,人与人之间、集团与集团之间在发生各种关系时,将各方的权利、义务和责任用文字加以确定下来,便形成了契约文书。当人类社会进入私有制阶段、财富占有出现不平等时,契约就特别突出地在人们的经济生活中表现出来,诸如钱粮的借贷、田土、奴婢、牲畜、物品的买卖,田地的租佃等等,都会形诸文字,成为各种契券。
The contract is a kind of self-restraint and regulation that the people appear around various social relations. In social life, people, groups and groups in the occurrence of various relationships, the rights, obligations and responsibilities of all parties to determine the words, they formed a contractual instruments. When human society entered the period of private ownership and wealth was under inequality, the contract was prominently manifested in people’s economic life. Loans and loans such as money and grain, land, slaves, livestock, the sale of goods, land tenure and so on, Will form all the text, a variety of coupons.