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80年代初蒙特总统执政以来,哥斯达黎加将“增加生产、扩大出口”定为基本国策,经济有较快发展。在促进出口创汇,尤其是促进非传统产品的出口方面取得了可喜的成就。自70年代初以来,哥斯达黎加同拉美许多国家一样,采取进口替代的发展模式。这个模式造成国家外汇严重短缺,国内被保护的工业由于缺乏竞争力,生产效率低,产品质量差,加上政府有关机构和部门工作效率低,从而阻碍了民族工业在与国际市场竞争中的发展。在这种情况下,哥斯达黎加政府于70年代末80年代初放弃了进口替代模式,开始进行出口替代的尝试。为了换取国家急需的外汇,政府采取了大力促进出口的措施,对非传统产品的出口给予特殊鼓励与支持。1983年,政府成立出口部后不久,又成立了“出口和投资发展促进中
Since the presidential election of President Monteh in the early 1980s, Costa Rica has made “increasing production and expanding exports” a basic state policy and has enjoyed rapid economic growth. We have made gratifying achievements in promoting foreign exchange earnings, especially in promoting the export of non-traditional products. Since the early 1970s, Costa Rica has taken the same import-development mode as many other countries in Latin America. This model has caused a serious shortage of foreign exchange in the country. The lack of competitiveness of domestic industries, the inefficiency of production and the poor quality of products, coupled with the inefficiency of government agencies and departments, have hindered the development of national industries in the competition with international markets . Under such circumstances, the Costa Rican government abandoned the import substitution model in the late 1970s and early 1980s and started its attempt at export substitution. In return for the country’s much-needed foreign exchange, the government has taken measures to vigorously promote exports and gives special encouragement and support to the export of non-traditional products. Shortly after the establishment of the export department in 1983, the government set up a “promotion of export and investment development.”