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目的分析沈阳市近年来流行性腮腺炎发病水平和流行特征,探讨控制对策,为制定流行性腮腺炎防制规划提供科学依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法对沈阳市2005—2012年流行性腮腺炎疫情报告资料进行分析。结果 2005—2012年沈阳市流行性腮腺炎年均报告发病率为48.46/10万,各年度发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男女性别比为1.62∶1,男性年均报告发病率为59.14/10万,女性年均报告发病率为37.51/10万,男女流行性腮腺炎年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);5和6月、12月至次年1月报告发病数分别占全年报告发病数的22.63%、21.47%;发病年龄以3~14岁年龄组为主,占72.64%;学生、幼托儿童报告发病数分别占全部报告发病数的62.21%、16.11%。结论男性流行性腮腺炎年均报告发病率高于女性,呈学龄前幼儿和学生发病高峰,呈春末夏初和冬季发病高峰。应加强学校和托幼机构传染病防治工作监管,落实各项防控措施;加强卫生宣传和健康教育工作,提高防范意识和水平;开展疫情监测,及时做出预警分析;做好暴发疫情的应急处理,有效控制疫情蔓延。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of mumps in recent years in Shenyang City, and to explore the control strategies to provide a scientific basis for the development of mumps prevention and control plan. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of mumps from 2005 to 2012 in Shenyang. Results The annual incidence of mumps in Shenyang from 2005 to 2012 was 48.46 / 100 000, the incidence of each year was statistically significant (P <0.01). The male-to-female ratio was 1.62:1. The average annual incidence of male mumps was reported The average incidence rate of female mumps was 37.51 / 100000, the annual average reported incidence of mumps was statistically significant (P <0.01); 5 and June, December to the following year The number of reported cases in January and January were respectively 22.63% and 21.47% of the total number of reported cases in the year. The age of onset was mainly in the age group of 3-14 years old, accounting for 72.64% of the total number of reported cases. 62.21%, 16.11%. Conclusions The annual incidence of mumps in males is higher than that of females, showing the peak incidence of preschool children and students and the peak incidence in late summer and early summer of winter. The prevention and control of communicable diseases in schools and nurseries should be strengthened and various prevention and control measures should be put in place. Health publicity and health education should be stepped up to raise awareness and standards of prevention. Disease surveillance should be carried out and early warning analysis should be conducted promptly. Emergency outbreaks should be well done Treatment, effective control of the spread of the epidemic.