理查德·鲍曼认为,记忆是一种群体的文化建构,表演是一种个体的交流模式。群体记忆关涉集体性和传承性,个体表演则多聚焦口头性和变异性。个体表演者主张、强调传统,是因为传统并不是某种古老的故事或说话方式,而是基于“群体记忆”的对“现在”有用的整合资源和有效工具,正是群体记忆促进了个体表演的完成,使传统融于现代。 Richard Bauman believes that memory is a group of cultural construction, performance is an individual mode of exchange. Group memory relates to the collective and inheritance, individual performance is more focused on oral and variability. Individual performers advocate emphasizing tradition because tradition is not an ancient story or way of speaking but rather a useful resource and an effective tool for “now ” based on “group memory ”, which is exactly what group memories Promote the completion of individual performances, the tradition into the modern.