AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of narrowband imaging(NBI) endoscopy with and without high magnification in distinguishing neoplasia from nonneoplasia colorectal lesions.METHODS:A total of 118 patients with 123 colorectal lesions examined by NBI endoscopy in the Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital from September 2008 to April 2010 were enrolled in this study.These lesions were classified by pit pattern and capillary pattern,and then assessed by histopathology.RESULTS:Ten lesions not meeting the diagnostic criteria were excuded,the overall diagnostic accuracy of NBI endoscopy in distinguishing neoplasia from non-neoplasia colorectal lesions was 91.2%(103/113),and that of NBI endoscopy with and without high magnification was 93.0%(40/43) and 90.0%(63/70),respectively.Both were significantly higher than that of conventional colonoscopy reported in the literature(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION:Besides NBI magnifying endoscopy,NBI endoscopy without magnification may also be used to distinguish neoplasia from non-neoplasia colorectal lesions. AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of narrowband imaging (NBI) endoscopy with and without high magnification in distinguishing neoplasia from nonneoplasia colorectal lesions. METHODS: A total of 118 patients with 123 colorectal lesions examined by NBI endoscopy in the Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital from September 2008 to April 2010 were enrolled in this study. These lesions were classified by pit pattern and capillary pattern, and then assessed by histopathology .RESULTS: Ten lesions not meeting the diagnostic criteria were excuded, the overall diagnostic accuracy of NBI endoscopy in distinguishing neoplasia from Non-neoplasia colorectal lesions were 91.2% (103/113), and that of NBI endoscopy with and without high magnification was 93.0% (40/43) and 90.0% (63/70), respectively. These were significantly higher than that of conventional colonoscopy reported in the literature (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) .CONCLUSION: Besides NBI magnifying endoscopy, NBI endoscopy without magnification may also be used to distinguish neoplasia from non-neoplasia colorectal lesions.