任何一个考试都会或多或少地产生冲击力,这个冲击力有可能是正面的也有可能是负面的(武尊民,2003)。反拨作用(也称“回拨效应”)指在教育领域中测试对教学的影响或作用。Bachman和Palmer(1996)认为语言测试界所说的“回拨效应”属于考试冲击力的范畴。从2009年起,江苏省中考英语听力口语在全国率先实施自动化考试, Any exam will have a more or less impact, the impact may be positive or negative (Wuzun Min, 2003). Backwash (also called “backwash effect”) refers to the impact or test of testing on education in the field of education. Bachman and Palmer (1996) think the language test community said that the “call-back effect” falls into the category of exam impact. From 2009 onwards, Jiangsu Province Senior High School Entranceer Listening Speaking Speaking in the country to take the lead in the implementation of automated tests,