目的探讨胸腺切除治疗重症肌无力的围手术期处理及其预后因素。方法回顾性分析胸腺切除治疗重症肌无力患者的围手术期处理及疗效,按完全缓解、改善、无效、差进行评价。结果本组无手术死亡,合理的处理可安全渡过手术期,手术疗效与术前病程长短及胸腺组织残留有关。结论胸腺切除术是治疗重症肌无力的有效方法,对重症肌无力应及早手术,并尽可能彻底切除胸腺组织。 Objective To investigate the perioperative management of thymectomy for myasthenia gravis and its prognostic factors. Methods The perioperative management and efficacy of thymectomy for patients with myasthenia gravis were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were evaluated with complete remission, improvement, ineffectiveness and poor prognosis. Results There was no operative death in this group, and the reasonable treatment could be safely passed through the operation. The operative efficacy was related to the duration of preoperative and thymus tissue residue. Conclusion Thymectomy is an effective method for the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis should be treated as soon as possible, and the thymus tissue should be completely resected.