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目的探讨新疆和田,吐鲁番地区60岁以上老人各类疾病与环境因素的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对新疆和田地区洛浦县、墨玉县、和田县(以下简称3个县)和吐鲁番县(对照)共1 484例老人进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果 (1)和田地区3个县和吐鲁番县老年人疾病比较,中风、狭窄性心脏病、肺源性心脏病差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)和田地区3个县燃烧烟煤与狭窄性心脏病发生有关。和田地区3个县室内燃烧木柴与高血压、中风、狭窄性心脏病、肺源性心脏病、高血压心脏病之间无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)燃烧烟煤和慢性支气管炎、狭窄性心脏病之间均存在相关关系(P<0.05),和肺气肿、高血压、中风、肺源性心脏病、高血压性心脏病均无相关关系(P>0.05);燃烧木柴和以上7种疾病之间均无相关关系(P>0.05)。(4)Logistic回归分析对高血压性心脏病最后进入方程的影响因素有肠寒、坏血病、肺心病和眩晕,对中风最后进入方程的影响因素有淋病、消化性溃疡、先天性心脏病和紧张因素。结论新疆和田地区燃烧烟煤、木柴,引起室内空气的烟雾污染,对60岁以上老人的健康有一定程度的影响,对高血压性心脏病和中风曾患疾病也产生影响。
Objective To explore the relationship between various diseases and environmental factors in the elderly over 60 years in Hetian and Turpan, Xinjiang. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct questionnaire and physical examination of a total of 1 484 elderly people in Luopu County, Moyu County, Hetian County (hereinafter referred to as 3 counties) and Turfan County (control) in Hetian area. Results (1) There were significant differences in stroke, stenosis and pulmonary heart disease between the three counties in Hetian and Turpan Prefecture (P <0.05). (2) The burning of bituminous coal in 3 counties in Hetian is related to the occurrence of stenosis. No significant difference was found between indoor firewood burning and hypertension, stroke, stenosis heart disease, pulmonary heart disease and hypertensive heart disease in three counties in Hetian area (P> 0.05). (3) There was a correlation between burning bituminous coal and chronic bronchitis and stenosis (P <0.05), and no correlation with emphysema, hypertension, stroke, pulmonary heart disease and hypertensive heart disease (P> 0.05). There was no correlation between burning firewood and the above seven diseases (P> 0.05). (4) Logistic regression analysis showed that the most influential factors of Hypertensive heart disease entering into the equation are enteric cold, scurvy, cor pulmonale and dizziness. The final factors affecting stroke include gonorrhea, peptic ulcer, congenital heart disease And stress factor. Conclusion Combustion of bituminous coal and firewood in Hetian area of Xinjiang caused indoor air smog pollution to a certain extent affect the health of the elderly over 60 years and also affect the diseases of hypertensive heart disease and stroke.