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目的:以自由式滑雪空中技巧国家队男运动员为研究对象,探究训练环境因素的变化对运动员心理状态的影响,旨在为自由式滑雪空中技巧或其他相关项目备战各大赛事取得良好的训练效果和赛前状态提供参考。方法:实验法、问卷调查法。结果:与夏训相比,冬季雪上训练期的降雪、场地、气温、风速、风向是自由式滑雪空中技巧国家队男运动员应对的敏感的训练环境因素。虽然这些敏感的环境因素对运动员的身体机能无影响,但将导致情绪应激和心理疲劳水平的显著增高、自我效能的显著下降等不良心理状态。结论:自由式滑雪空中技巧国家队男运动员在应对训练环境变化时,来自降雪、场地、气温、风速、风向等敏感的环境因素,将诱发其产生“非运动性心理疲劳”状态。这种不良的心理状态会影响运动员备战期间的训练效果和赛前状态,进而影响比赛成绩。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of the changes of training environment factors on the mental state of freestyle skiing aerials national team male athletes in order to obtain good training results for the freestyle skiing aerial skills or other related projects in preparation for major events And pre-game status for reference. Methods: experimental method, questionnaire method. Results: Compared with summer training, the snowfall, the field, the temperature, the wind speed and the wind direction during the winter training on snow are sensitive training environment factors for the male athletes in the national freestyle skiing aerial skill team. Although these sensitive environmental factors have no effect on the athletes’ bodily functions, they will lead to significant psychological stress and emotional fatigue levels increased significantly decreased self-efficacy and other adverse psychological state. Conclusion: The freestyle skiing aerial skills national team male athletes in response to changes in training environment, from snow, space, temperature, wind speed, wind direction and other sensitive environmental factors, will induce its produce “non-exercise mental fatigue ” state. This bad psychological state will affect the training of athletes during the preparation and pre-race state, thus affecting the competition results.