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目的对降低新兵快速进入高原急性高原病(Acute high altitude diseaes,AHAD)发病率的对策进行探讨。方法通过文献复习及我们在新兵进入高原期间医疗卫勤保障工作的回顾,对新兵快速进入高原AHAD发病情况、发病诱因及存在的问题进行分析。结果回顾发现新兵快速进入高原急性高原病的发病率随海拔的升高而升高,约32.5%～95.55%之间。发病原因为缺氧的超时反应,诱因为高海拔、进入高原速度过快、过度劳累、精神情绪过度紧张、寒冷、上呼吸道感染、劳动与休息制度不当、饮酒、过饱、水盐摄入不当等。结论新兵快速进入高原AHAD的发病率仍然较高,只要通过健康教育,纠正认知偏差,并早期采取针对性的预防措施,无疑对降低快速进入高原新兵AHAD的发病率具有积极的意义。
Objective To investigate the strategies to reduce the incidence of recruits entering the acute high altitude diseaes (AHAD) rapidly. Methods Through reviewing the literatures and reviewing the medical support services during recruits entering the plateau, we analyzed the incidence, causes and existing problems of recruits entering AHAD rapidly. Results The review found that the incidence of recruits entering the high altitude acute altitude sickness increased with elevation, ranging from 32.5% to 95.55%. Causes of hypoxia overtime response due to high altitude, high altitude into the plateau, over-exertion, over-stress mental state, cold, upper respiratory tract infection, improper labor and rest system, drinking, over-saturation, improper water and salt intake Wait. Conclusions The incidence of AHAD entering the plateau is still high. Only through health education, correcting the cognitive bias and taking targeted precautionary measures in the early stage will undoubtedly be of great significance to reduce the incidence of AHAD recruits.