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目的分析宜昌市学校突发公共卫生事件的流行特征和影响因素,为预防、控制和有效处置学校突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对宜昌市2006-2011年网络直报学校突发公共卫生事件资料进行统计分析。结果 2006-2011年共报告突发公共卫生事件152起,学校事件98起,占64.47%;报告发病4 839例,无死亡病例;传染病类事件94起,占95.92%,其中呼吸道传染病流行事件占84.69%;4-5月和9-10月为流行高峰;县乡农村学校报告事件占79.59%,城市学校占20.41%。结论学校是突发公共卫生事件的高发场所,多发生于农村学校,应引起教育和卫生部门的重视,应加强流行季节呼吸道传染病的防治,落实以预防接种为重点的综合防控措施和对策。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of public health emergencies in schools in Yichang and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention, control and effective disposal of public health emergencies in schools. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of public health emergencies in schools in Yichang City from 2006 to 2011. Results A total of 152 public health emergencies were reported from 2006 to 2011, accounting for 64.47% of all school incidents; 4 839 were reported and no deaths were reported; 94 were infectious diseases, accounting for 95.92% of them, of which epidemic of respiratory diseases The incident accounted for 84.69%; April-May and September-October were peaked; rural counties and townships reported 79.59% of incidents and urban schools accounted for 20.41%. Conclusions The school is a high incidence of public health emergencies and occurs in rural schools, which should arouse the attention of education and health departments. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in the epidemic season and implement comprehensive prevention and control measures and countermeasures focusing on vaccination .