钠主要存在于细胞外液,是细胞外液主要阳离子,起主要的张力作用。血清钠低于130mmol/L 时称为低钠血症。低钠血症常伴有水代谢及其它电解质代谢的异常,是危重病儿常见的合并症。我院 PICU 的危重病儿约1/5发生不同程度的低钠血症,特别是重症脑炎、脑膜炎、颅内出血、重症肺炎,在病程后期更易发生低钠血症,如果对低钠血症不能及时诊断和正确处理,可造成严重后果。 Sodium is mainly present in the extracellular fluid, which is the major cation in the extracellular fluid and plays a major role in tension. Serum sodium is less than 130mmol / L called hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is often accompanied by abnormal water metabolism and other electrolyte metabolism, is a common complication of critically ill children. In our hospital, about 1/5 of critically ill children in PICU have different degrees of hyponatremia, especially severe encephalitis, meningitis, intracranial hemorrhage and severe pneumonia. Hyponatremia is more likely to occur in the late course of the disease. Symptoms can not be timely diagnosis and correct treatment, can have serious consequences.