论文部分内容阅读
利用位于江苏省无锡市安镇的我国唯一的农田开放式空气CO2 浓度增高 (FACE)系统平台 ,于2 0 0 1年 8月 2 6日至 10月 13日 (水稻抽穗至成熟期 )进行水稻作物冠层微气候连续观测 ,以研究FACE对水稻冠层微气候特征的影响 .结果表明 ,FACE降低了水稻叶片的气孔导度 ,FACE与对照水稻叶片气孔导度的差异上层叶片大于下层叶片 ,生长前期大于生长后期 .FACE使白天水稻冠层和叶片温度升高 ,这种差异生长前期大于生长后期 ;但FACE对夜间水稻冠层温度的影响不明显 .在水稻旺盛生长的抽穗开花期 ,晴天正午前后FACE水稻冠层温度比对照高 1.2℃ ;从开花至成熟期 ,FACE水稻冠层白天平均温度比对照高 0 .4 3℃ .FACE对冠层空气温度也有影响 ,白天水稻冠层空气温度FACE高于对照 ,这种差异随太阳辐射增强而增大且冠层中部大于冠层顶部 ;冠层中部空气温度FACE与对照的差异 (Tface-Tambient)日最大值在 0 .4 7～ 1.2℃之间 ,而冠层顶部的Tface-Tambient日最大值在 0 .37～ 0 .8℃之间 .夜间水稻冠层空气温度FACE与对照差别不大 ,变化在± 0 .3℃之内 .而FACE对水稻冠层空气湿度无显著影响 ,表明FACE使水稻叶片气孔导度降低 ,从而削弱了植株的蒸腾降温作用 ,导致水稻冠层温度和冠层空气温度升高 ,改变了整个水稻冠层的温度环
Using the only open field CO 2 enrichment system (FACE) in our country located in Anzhen, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, from August 26 to October 13, 2001 (heading date to maturity), rice Crop canopy microclimate was continuously observed to study the effect of FACE on the canopy microclimate characteristics. The results showed that FACE decreased the stomatal conductance of rice leaves, and the difference of stomatal conductance between FACE and control rice leaves was larger than that of lower leaves, FACE increased the temperature of rice canopy and leaf during the daytime, which was higher at the early growth stage than that at the late growth stage.However, FACE had no obvious effect on the canopy temperature at nighttime.In the heading and flowering stage of the vigorous growth of rice, At midday, the canopy temperature of FACE rice was 1.2 ℃ higher than that of the control, and from flowering to maturity, the average daytime temperature of FACE rice was higher than that of the control by 0.34 ℃ .FACE also affected the canopy air temperature. During the daytime, the rice canopy air temperature FACE was higher than that of the control. The difference increased with the increase of solar radiation and the central part of the canopy was larger than the top of the canopy. The difference of FACE between the central canopy air temperature and the control (Tface-Tambie nt) was between 0.4 and 1.2 ℃, while the maximum value of Tface-Tambient at the top of the canopy ranged from 0.37 to 0. 8 ℃. The difference between night canopy air temperature FACE and control was not significant Large, within ± 0.3 ℃, while FACE had no significant effect on rice canopy air humidity, indicating that FACE reduced the stomatal conductance of rice leaves, which impaired the plant’s transpirational cooling effect, leading to the rice canopy temperature and crown Layer air temperature changes, changing the entire canopy temperature ring