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[目的]探讨耐火陶瓷纤维对作业工人皮肤的刺激作用。[方法]选择从事耐火陶瓷纤维生产和加工的281名作业工人作为接触组,274名仅接触噪声的作业工人作为对照组,进行皮肤检查和问诊,观察的效应指标主要为刺激性接触性皮炎和皮肤瘙痒症状。接触组按总粉尘质量浓度<1、1~5、>5 mg/m3分为低、中、高三个水平(分别为83人、128人、70人),按纤维计数浓度<0.1、0.1~0.5、>0.5 f/m L分为低、中、高三个水平(分别为83人、163人、35人)。[结果]接触组刺激性接触性皮炎检出率、皮肤瘙痒发生率(13.2%、36.0%),均高于对照组(0%、10.6%)(P<0.05)。二者均与总粉尘质量浓度水平呈线性趋势关系(P<0.05),并随总粉尘质量浓度水平的增加而升高;均与纤维计数浓度水平和接触工龄无关联性(P>0.05)。[结论]接触耐火陶瓷纤维可引起刺激性接触性皮炎和皮肤瘙痒症状等刺激作用,刺激作用与总粉尘质量浓度的关联性优于纤维计数浓度,可考虑作为制定总粉尘容许浓度的关键效应指标。
[Objective] To investigate the stimulating effect of refractory ceramic fiber on workers’ skin. [Method] A total of 281 workers engaged in the production and processing of refractory ceramic fibers were selected as the contact group and 274 workers exposed to noise as the control group. The skin examination and interrogation were performed. The observed effect indexes were mainly irritant contact dermatitis And skin itching symptoms. The contact group was divided into low, medium and high levels (83, 128 and 70 respectively) according to the total dust concentration <1,1 ~ 5 and> 5 mg / m3. 0.5,> 0.5 f / m L was divided into low, medium and high levels (83 people, 163 people, 35 people). [Results] The incidences of irritant contact dermatitis and pruritus in the contact group (13.2%, 36.0%) were higher than those in the control group (0%, 10.6%, P <0.05). Both of them had a linear tendency with the total dust concentration (P <0.05), and increased with the increase of the total dust concentration. There was no correlation between the concentration of fiber and the length of exposure (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] Contact with refractory ceramic fibers can cause irritant contact dermatitis and pruritus and other irritant effects. The correlation between stimulus and total dust concentration is better than that of fiber count concentration, which can be considered as the key effect index for formulating the allowable concentration of total dust .