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基于光的波动性,提出了一种用于太阳能收集的螺旋纳米天线结构,并利用时域有限差分法对其进行分析。该天线结构由两个共面的阿基米德螺旋臂及基底介质组成,分析了天线的辐射效率和极化特性。新的螺旋纳米天线在400~1600nm的波长范围内(占太阳总能量的85%)可获得高达74.49%的总辐射效率,高于先前学者提出的偶极子天线结构。同时,对于不同方向入射的线极化平面波,螺旋天线馈电间隙处可获得同等量级的局域电场增强,表明该天线能够兼顾太阳光的任意极化特性。
Based on the volatility of light, a helical nano-antenna structure for solar energy collection was proposed and analyzed by finite-difference time-domain method. The antenna structure is composed of two coplanar Archimedes spiral arms and a substrate medium, and the radiation efficiency and polarization characteristics of the antenna are analyzed. The new helical nano-antenna achieves up to 74.49% of the total radiation efficiency in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1600 nm (accounting for 85% of the total solar energy), which is higher than that of the dipole antenna proposed by previous scholars. Meanwhile, for the linearly polarized plane waves incident in different directions, the same magnitude of local electric field enhancement can be obtained at the feeding gap of the helical antenna, indicating that the antenna can take any polarization characteristics of the sunlight into consideration.