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本文分析了20世纪下半叶以来基因伦理的三次争论,认为产生争论的根源在于科学文化与人文文化的分离。通过争论,从两个方面加强了两种文化的对话,一是反思基因技术功能正负效应,呼唤生命科学家的社会责任感。二是反思基因技术的伦理本质,探讨基因技术与伦理的互动关系。基因伦理的兴起,是解答基因技术伦理问题的尝试,也是人类自觉避免基因技术负面效应的体现。
This article analyzes the three debates on gene ethics since the second half of the 20th century and argues that the root of the controversy lies in the separation of science and culture from that of culture. Through the debate, two kinds of cultural dialogues have been strengthened in two aspects. One is to review the positive and negative effects of genetic technology functions and call the life scientist’s sense of social responsibility. The second is to reflect on the ethical nature of genetic technology and explore the interaction between genetic technology and ethics. The rise of gene ethics is an attempt to answer the ethical issues of gene technology and an embodiment of mankind’s conscious avoidance of the negative effects of gene technology.