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目的分析2005—2014年甘肃省定西市安定区乙类传染病的流行规律和发病趋势,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统中定西市安定区的乙类传染病个案资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 10年共报告乙类传染病10 160例、平均发病率226.99/10万,死亡12例、平均死亡率0.27/10万,发病前五位的病种为乙型肝炎、肺结核病、痢疾、丙型肝炎和梅毒,血源及性传播疾病居传染病首位、发病率125.67/10万;不同地区发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=372.25,P<0.01),且有明显的季节性(χ2=86.14,P<0.01),男女性别比1.46∶1、男性高于女性(χ2=290.59,P<0.01);以中老年发病较高,不同年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=929.46,P<0.01);职业构成以农民为主、占病例总数的62.73%。结论定西市安定区乙类传染病发病呈下降趋势,肺结核病发病率居前位,丙型肝炎和梅毒发病率近年亦有升高趋势,预示今后在加强免疫规划工作的同时,应重点做好血源及性传播、呼吸道及肠道传染病的监测和防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and trend of infectious diseases of B group in Anding District, Dingxi City, Gansu Province from 2005 to 2014 so as to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The data of case B infectious diseases in Anding District of Dingxi City in the national disease surveillance information report management system were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 10 160 cases of type B infectious diseases were reported in 10 years, with an average incidence of 226.99 / 100 000 and 12 deaths with an average mortality of 0.27 / 100 000. The top five diseases were hepatitis B, tuberculosis, dysentery, Hepatitis C and syphilis, blood and sexually transmitted diseases were the most common infectious diseases with the incidence of 125.67 / 100 000; the incidence of different regions was statistically significant (χ2 = 372.25, P <0.01), with obvious seasonal (χ2 = 86.14, P <0.01). The male to female ratio was 1.46:1, and the male was higher than the female (χ2 = 290.59, P0.01). The incidence of middle-aged and elderly patients was higher, 929.46, P <0.01). The occupational composition was dominated by peasants, accounting for 62.73% of the total cases. Conclusions The incidence of B infectious diseases in Anding District of Dingxi City shows a downward trend. The incidence of tuberculosis is the top one. The incidence of hepatitis C and syphilis has also been on the rise in recent years, which indicates that we should focus on doing a good job in strengthening immunization planning in the future Blood and sexual transmission, respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases monitoring and prevention work.