由于古代经济以农业种植业为支柱,世界上大多数古代文明也就缘水而起。相应地,除部分有着浓烈军事性质的要塞和城堡外,大部分城市都沿河选址以水为邻、依水而建。但凡事都有两面性,近水的城市虽有利于生产建设和经济发展,但水灾的隐患威胁同样增大,有关水患洪灾肆虐,水淹城市的事例经常见于史书记载。古人有很多与城市水患斗争的例子,甚至也有为躲避水患而迁 As the ancient economy is dominated by agricultural cultivation, most of the ancient civilizations in the world have also come into contact with water. Correspondingly, most of the cities except the forts and castles, which have strong military properties, are located along the river with their water neighbors and built according to the water. However, both things have two sides. Although cities near water are good for production and economic development, the threat of floods also increases. Flood-related floods and flooding cities are frequently found in historical records. The ancients have many examples of fighting the urban floods, and even have to move away from the floods