席勒和庄子,一个生活在十八世纪的德国,一个是先秦时期的道家代表人物。地域相距千里,时代相隔千年,而他们的美学思想却有着惊人的相似之处,在自由这一共同主题下,他们美学的出发点、思想方法和美学思想的实质都殊途而同归。作为两个分别在中西美学史乃至哲学史上有着显赫地位与重要影响的人物,对其美学思想做一些比较性探索和研究是不无益处的。 一、他们所处社会背景和思想方法的相似 席勒诞生和生活在“政治和社会生活是可耻的”十八世纪的德国,与英法等国相比,此时的德国还是一个政治上四分五裂、封建主义生产关系占统治地位的经济落后国家。整个德国处于灾难深重的屈辱状态下,德意志民族在腐朽的封建专制下痛苦地呻吟,“只有在我国 Schiller and Chuang Tzu, a German who lived in the 18th century and a representative of Taoism in the pre-Qin period. However, their aesthetic ideas have striking resemblances. Under the common theme of freedom, the starting point, method of thinking and essence of aesthetic thought of their aesthetics are different from each other. As two characters who have prominent status and important influence in the history of Chinese and Western aesthetics and even in philosophy respectively, it is of no use to do some comparative exploration and research on their aesthetic thoughts. First, their social background and way of thinking similar Schiller was born and lived in “political and social life is shameful” Eighteenth Century Germany, compared with Britain and France and other countries compared to Germany at this time or a politically fragmented, Feudal economic relations dominated production relations. The entire German state of disastrous humiliation, the German nation in the decadent feudal autocratic painfully groaning, "only in our country