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林火是北方针叶林的一种重要组分,是促进森林生态系统养分循环的重要方式。为探讨林火对土壤的影响,以大兴安岭呼中自然保护区2010和2000年火烧迹地为研究对象,并选择附近未过火区作为对照样地,测定分析了受林火影响的土壤理化及微生物指标。结果表明:与对照区相比,火后1年,兴安落叶松林土壤性质发生了显著变化,即土壤水分、有机层厚度、C/N均显著减小,而土壤pH值、铵氮和硝氮含量则显著增加;同时土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量显著减少;火后11年,土壤理化性质基本与对照间无显著差异,但土壤微生物量仍显著低于对照区。这表明火后土壤的理化性质恢复较快,而火对微生物的影响较为持久。本研究将为火后森林土壤养分的管理提供重要科学依据。
Forest fire is an important component of the northern coniferous forest and is an important way to promote nutrient cycling in the forest ecosystem. In order to explore the impact of forest fire on the soil, taking Huaxia Nature Reserve in 2002 and 2000 in Huaxia Nature Reserve as research objects, and choosing the un-over-burned area nearby as the reference area, the soil physical and chemical and microbial indicators . The results showed that compared with the control, the soil properties of Larix gmelinii forest changed significantly after one year of fire, that is, the soil moisture, organic layer thickness and C / N decreased significantly. However, the soil pH value, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen While the content of soil microbial biomass C and N significantly decreased. After 11 years of fire, the soil physical and chemical properties were not significantly different from the control, but the soil microbial biomass was still significantly lower than the control. This indicates that the physical and chemical properties of the soil after the fire recovered faster, while the impact of fire on the microorganisms more durable. This study will provide an important scientific basis for the management of forest soil nutrients after fire.