论文部分内容阅读
对北京东灵山地区的两个辽东栎（ＱｕｅｒｃｕｓｌｉａｏｔｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＫｏｉｄｚ．）种群的结构和数量动态进行了研究。在研究种群的空间分别格局时，分别将两个种群中的每个辽东栎个体在样地中进行定位。将辽东栎个体按不同尺度大小分为４类，在每一尺度中，按不同格子尺度进行随机取样，分别计算Ｍｏｒｉｓｉｔａ的分布指数（Ｉδ），聚块性指数（ｍ／ｍ），方差／均值比（Ｖ／Ｘ—）。用这些指数判断辽东栎不同大小级别以及不同取样尺度上的格局强度。结果表明，两个种群的格局强度都随尺度的不同而变化。５０龄辽东栎林中大幼树（高度１～２ｍ）表现为最强的聚集分布，然后是小幼树（０．４～１ｍ）、幼苗（０．４ｍ）和大树（２ｍ）。３０龄辽东栎林中，在发育的早期阶段（即从幼苗到大幼树阶段），幼苗格局最强，然后格局随辽东栎个体尺度的增大逐渐减小。对大小结构的研究表明，５０龄的辽东栎种群的大小结构具有稳定的结构，能够长时间生存发展下去；３０龄种群中的个体之间的竞争现象非常激烈，大小结构表现为衰退状态，但是经过自我调整，可发展为稳定结构。通过研究，作者建议在森林的经营和管理上，对辽东栎林可在其生长到一定时期进行适度干扰（例如择伐处理等），会更有利于?
The structure and population dynamics of two populations of Quercusliaotungensis Koidz. In the Dongling Mountain area of Beijing were studied. When studying the spatial pattern of the population, each individual of Q. liaotungensis in each of the two populations was located in the sample plot. The individuals of Quercus liaotungensis were divided into four groups according to the different scales and sizes. At each scale, random samples were taken on different grid scales, and the distribution index (Iδ), patch index (m / m), variance / Mean ratio (V / X-). The indices were used to determine the intensity of the patterns of Quercus liaotungensis in different size classes and different sampling scales. The results showed that the intensity of patterns of two populations varied with different scales. The young adults (height 1 ~ 2m) in the 50-day-old Quercus liaotungensis forest showed the strongest clustered distribution, followed by the young saplings (0.4-1 m), the seedlings (0.4-0.4 m) and the big trees . In the 30-day-old Quercus liaotungensis forest, the seedling pattern was the strongest in the early stage of development (from the seedling to the young sapling stage), and then the pattern decreased with the individual size of Quercus liaotungensis. The study on the size structure showed that the population structure of Quercus liaotungensis in the 50th instar had a stable structure and could survive and develop for a long time. The competition among individuals in the 30th instar was very intense, and the size structure showed a decline, however, After self-adjustment, can develop into a stable structure. Through the research, the author suggests that it is more beneficial for the management and management of Quercus liaotungensis to moderately disturb the growth of Quercus liaotungensis for a certain period of time (such as selective cutting).