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二、婴儿喂养(乙)人工喂养: 母亲无奶,或母亲患有严重疾病不能喂奶,婴儿只能靠牛奶、奶粉、羊奶等喂养,称为人工喂养。(一)牛奶:牛奶的营养价值高,比较适合婴儿生长发育的需要。常用的牛奶制品有鲜牛奶和全脂奶粉两种。鲜牛奶比较实用,维生素含量较奶粉多,但鲜牛奶中的营养成份不固定,蛋白质凝块较大,不易吸收。全脂奶粉是鲜奶不增减成分制成的。便于保存和携带,而且经过处理,其中蛋白质要比鲜牛奶易于吸收,过敏反应也比鲜牛奶轻。(1)奶粉的稀释方法:按容量比例为1:4,即一个单位的奶粉加四个单位的水。按重量比例为1:8,即一两奶粉加八两水。按以上比例稀释成的奶,与鲜牛奶浓度相同。(2)奶量的计算方法:可按热量分配方法计算,
Second, infant feeding (B) Artificial feeding: the mother has no milk, or mother can not be fed a serious illness, the baby can only rely on milk, milk, goat milk and other feeding, known as artificial feeding. (A) milk: high nutritional value of milk, more suitable for the needs of infant growth and development. Commonly used milk products have two kinds of fresh milk and whole milk powder. Fresh milk more practical, more vitamin content than milk, but the nutritional content of fresh milk is not fixed, large protein clots, not easy to absorb. Whole milk powder milk is not made of ingredients. Easy to save and carry, and after treatment, which protein is easier to absorb than fresh milk, allergic reactions than fresh milk. (1) milk powder dilution method: according to the capacity ratio of 1: 4, that is, a unit of milk plus four units of water. According to the weight ratio of 1: 8, one or two milk plus eight or two water. Diluted into the above proportion of milk, milk concentration and the same. (2) milk amount calculation method: According to calorie distribution method,